A photo of the Niagara Movement members at the 1905 meeting in Niagara Falls, Canada.
1905- Niagara Movement
1909- NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
The NAACP had its first official gathering on the Canadian shore of Niagara Falls when called to order by W.E.B.Dubois in 1905.
Compared to Booker T. Washingtons conservatism, this organization was considered radical because they demanded intelligent, well directed action to affect change within the U.S. legal system. Atlantans Jesse Max Barber, George A. Towns, John
Hope, Alonzo Herndon and his son Norris Herndon also attended. SEE https://www.loc.gov/exhibitions/join-in-voluntary-associations-in-america/about-this-exhibition/a-nation-of-joiners/changing-america/niagara-movement/
The present name and organizational structure was adapted in 1909.
LEGAL WINS: Traditionally the NAACP has worked through the court system to battle racism. Many hundreds of court battles were fought over the years. The battle won, that began the modern day Civil Rights Movement, was the 1954 Brown v. the Board of Education.
Please visit this site for a detailed historical timeline of legal wins: https://www.history.com/articles/civil-rights-movement-timeline